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HB82-09 - TAWANDA CHIGWEDERE and CLAUDIUS MUNENGE and TENDAI MUSUPAI vs THE STATE

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Bail-viz bail pending trial.

Bail-viz armed robbery.
Bail-viz serious charges re armed robbery.
Bail-viz armed robbery re abscondment.
Bail-viz travel documents re flight risk.
Bail-viz period of incarceration re risk of abscondment.
Bail-viz period of imprisonment re inducement to abscond.
Bail-viz voluntary reporting conditions re allaying the State's fear of abscondment.
Bail-viz armed robbery re public safety.

Bail re: Bail Pending Trial iro Approach, Constitutional Right to Bail & Denial of Bail in the Interests of Justice

In this matter, the applicants are applying for bail pending trial.

The circumstances in this matter are that the applicants are alleged to have committed armed robbery against the complainant and took away R3,000=.

They have argued that they are innocent individuals who, while walking along a path were provoked by the complainant's manner of driving which bordered on rudeness. A confrontation took place which resulted in some amicable resolution.

This occurred on the 21st March 2009.

They were arrested, detained, and have remained in custody ever since.

It is their argument that will not abscond as they have no travel documents, and, in any event, the charges they are facing are trumped up, and, for that reason, the State cannot secure a conviction against them.

The respondent has, however, argued that it has a strong case in view of the evidence against them. It is for that reason that they are likely to abscond and also endanger the safety of the public.

The applicants are facing serious charges.

It is trite that the fact that one is facing a serious charge per se is not enough reason to deny him/her bail. In addition to the seriousness of the charge, there should be an additional factor in order for the court not to grant bail to a suspect.

Their argument is that they cannot abscond as they have no travel documents.

With great respect, this argument no longer holds in Zimbabwe, as it is well-known that many people cross our borders on a daily basis without the said documents. The court, therefore, takes judicial notice of this fact.

It is my view, therefore, that the seriousness of the offence, which on its own, if proved by the respondent, will result in their incarceration for a long period, is enough inducement for them to abscond.

It was further their submission that they will report once per week at Beitbridge Police Station. While that may be so, in my view, it is not enough preventive measure for them not to abscond.

In this regard, one must weigh the possibility of granting them bail with stringent conditions on one hand, against the consequences that may result in the event of them breaching their bail conditions. In my opinion, to grant them bail which might result in the breach of bail conditions is not a good idea in the circumstances.

In my opinion, the applicants do not qualify for bail by this court.

This application is, accordingly, dismissed.

Bail re: Robbery, Armed Robbery, Robbery Committed in Aggravating Circumstances and the Doctrine of Recent Possession

The applicants, it is alleged, were armed with a pistol.

This is the most fearful experience which the complainant must have gone through, and is, therefore, the kind of experience which one would not like members of the public to go through at all.

Public safety is paramount and fragile, and the courts will be failing in their duty if they fail to protect members of the public in the circumstances. It is undesirable to unleash suspects who are alleged to have used violence, or threats thereof, to the public.

CHEDA J:          In this matter the applicants are applying for bail pending trial.

The circumstances in this matter are that the applicants are alleged to have committed armed robbery against complainant and took away R3000.

 They have argued that, they are innocent individuals who while walking along a path were provoked by the complainant's manner of driving which bordered on rudeness.   A confrontation took place which resulted in some amicable resolution.  This occurred on the 21st March 2009, they were arrested, detained and have remained in custody ever since.

It is their argument that they will not abscond as they have no travel documents and in any event the charges they are facing are trumped up and for that reason, the state cannot secure a conviction against them.

Respondent has however, argued that it has a strong case in view of the evidence against them.  It is for that reason that they are likely to abscond and also endanger the safety of the public.

Applicants are facing serious charges.  It is trite that the fact that one is facing a serious charge per se is not enough reason to deny him/her bail.  In addition to the seriousness of the charge, there should be an additional factor in order for the court not to grant bail to a suspect.  Their argument is that they can not abscond as they have no travel documents.  With great respect, this argument no longer holds in Zimbabwe, as it is well known that many people cross our borders on a daily basis without the said documents.  The court therefore, takes judicial notice of this fact.

It is my view, therefore, that the seriousness of the offence which on its own, if proved by respondent will result in their incarceration for a long period is enough inducement for them to abscond.

It was further their submission that they will report once per week at Beitbridge Police Station.  While that may be so, in my view, it is not enough preventive measure for them not to abscond.

In this regard one must weigh the possibility of granting them bail with stringent conditions on one hand, against the consequences that may result in the event of them breaching their bail conditions.  In my opinion, to grant them bail which might result in the breach of bail condition is not a good idea in the circumstances.

Applicants, it is alleged they were armed with a pistol.  This is the most fearful experience which the complainants must have gone through and is therefore the kind of experience which one would not like members of the public to go through at all.   Public safety is paramount and fragile and the courts will be failing in their duty if they fail to protect members of the public in the circumstances.  It is undesirable to unleash suspects who are alleged to have used violence or threats thereof to the public. 

In my opinion applicants do not qualify for bail by this court.

This application is accordingly, dismissed

 

 

Calderwood, Bryce, Hendrie and partners, applicants' legal practitioners

Criminall Division, Attorney General's Office, respondent's legal practitioners
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